JavaTM 2 Platform
Standard Edition

java.sql
Interface PreparedStatement

All Known Subinterfaces:
CallableStatement

public interface PreparedStatement
extends Statement

An object that represents a precompiled SQL statement.

A SQL statement is pre-compiled and stored in a PreparedStatement object. This object can then be used to efficiently execute this statement multiple times.

Note: The setXXX methods for setting IN parameter values must specify types that are compatible with the defined SQL type of the input parameter. For instance, if the IN parameter has SQL type Integer, then the method setInt should be used.

If arbitrary parameter type conversions are required, the method setObject should be used with a target SQL type.
Example of setting a parameter; con is an active connection


   PreparedStatement pstmt = con.prepareStatement("UPDATE EMPLOYEES
                                     SET SALARY = ? WHERE ID = ?");
   pstmt.setBigDecimal(1, 153833.00)
   pstmt.setInt(2, 110592)
 

See Also:
Connection.prepareStatement(java.lang.String), ResultSet

Method Summary
 void addBatch()
          JDBC 2.0 Adds a set of parameters to the batch.
 void clearParameters()
          Clears the current parameter values immediately.
 boolean execute()
          Executes any kind of SQL statement.
 ResultSet executeQuery()
          Executes the SQL query in this PreparedStatement object and returns the result set generated by the query.
 int executeUpdate()
          Executes the SQL INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement in this PreparedStatement object.
 ResultSetMetaData getMetaData()
          JDBC 2.0 Gets the number, types and properties of a ResultSet's columns.
 void setArray(int i, Array x)
          JDBC 2.0 Sets an Array parameter.
 void setAsciiStream(int parameterIndex, InputStream x, int length)
          Sets the designated parameter to the given input stream, which will have the specified number of bytes.
 void setBigDecimal(int parameterIndex, BigDecimal x)
          Sets the designated parameter to a java.lang.BigDecimal value.
 void setBinaryStream(int parameterIndex, InputStream x, int length)
          Sets the designated parameter to the given input stream, which will have the specified number of bytes.
 void setBlob(int i, Blob x)
          JDBC 2.0 Sets a BLOB parameter.
 void setBoolean(int parameterIndex, boolean x)
          Sets the designated parameter to a Java boolean value.
 void setByte(int parameterIndex, byte x)
          Sets the designated parameter to a Java byte value.
 void setBytes(int parameterIndex, byte[] x)
          Sets the designated parameter to a Java array of bytes.
 void setCharacterStream(int parameterIndex, Reader reader, int length)
          JDBC 2.0 Sets the designated parameter to the given Reader object, which is the given number of characters long.
 void setClob(int i, Clob x)
          JDBC 2.0 Sets a CLOB parameter.
 void setDate(int parameterIndex, Date x)
          Sets the designated parameter to a java.sql.Date value.
 void setDate(int parameterIndex, Date x, Calendar cal)
          JDBC 2.0 Sets the designated parameter to a java.sql.Date value, using the given Calendar object.
 void setDouble(int parameterIndex, double x)
          Sets the designated parameter to a Java double value.
 void setFloat(int parameterIndex, float x)
          Sets the designated parameter to a Java float value.
 void setInt(int parameterIndex, int x)
          Sets the designated parameter to a Java int value.
 void setLong(int parameterIndex, long x)
          Sets the designated parameter to a Java long value.
 void setNull(int parameterIndex, int sqlType)
          Sets the designated parameter to SQL NULL.
 void setNull(int paramIndex, int sqlType, String typeName)
          JDBC 2.0 Sets the designated parameter to SQL NULL.
 void setObject(int parameterIndex, Object x)
          Sets the value of a parameter using an object; use the java.lang equivalent objects for integral values.
 void setObject(int parameterIndex, Object x, int targetSqlType)
          Sets the value of the designated parameter with the given object.
 void setObject(int parameterIndex, Object x, int targetSqlType, int scale)
          Sets the value of a parameter using an object.
 void setRef(int i, Ref x)
          JDBC 2.0 Sets a REF(<structured-type>) parameter.
 void setShort(int parameterIndex, short x)
          Sets the designated parameter to a Java short value.
 void setString(int parameterIndex, String x)
          Sets the designated parameter to a Java String value.
 void setTime(int parameterIndex, Time x)
          Sets the designated parameter to a java.sql.Time value.
 void setTime(int parameterIndex, Time x, Calendar cal)
          JDBC 2.0 Sets the designated parameter to a java.sql.Time value, using the given Calendar object.
 void setTimestamp(int parameterIndex, Timestamp x)
          Sets the designated parameter to a java.sql.Timestamp value.
 void setTimestamp(int parameterIndex, Timestamp x, Calendar cal)
          JDBC 2.0 Sets the designated parameter to a java.sql.Timestamp value, using the given Calendar object.
 void setUnicodeStream(int parameterIndex, InputStream x, int length)
          Deprecated.  
 
Methods inherited from interface java.sql.Statement
addBatch, cancel, clearBatch, clearWarnings, close, execute, executeBatch, executeQuery, executeUpdate, getConnection, getFetchDirection, getFetchSize, getMaxFieldSize, getMaxRows, getMoreResults, getQueryTimeout, getResultSet, getResultSetConcurrency, getResultSetType, getUpdateCount, getWarnings, setCursorName, setEscapeProcessing, setFetchDirection, setFetchSize, setMaxFieldSize, setMaxRows, setQueryTimeout
 

Method Detail

executeQuery

public ResultSet executeQuery()
                       throws SQLException
Executes the SQL query in this PreparedStatement object and returns the result set generated by the query.
Returns:
a ResultSet that contains the data produced by the query; never null
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

executeUpdate

public int executeUpdate()
                  throws SQLException
Executes the SQL INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statement in this PreparedStatement object. In addition, SQL statements that return nothing, such as SQL DDL statements, can be executed.
Returns:
either the row count for INSERT, UPDATE or DELETE statements; or 0 for SQL statements that return nothing
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setNull

public void setNull(int parameterIndex,
                    int sqlType)
             throws SQLException
Sets the designated parameter to SQL NULL.

Note: You must specify the parameter's SQL type.

Parameters:
parameterIndex - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
sqlType - the SQL type code defined in java.sql.Types
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setBoolean

public void setBoolean(int parameterIndex,
                       boolean x)
                throws SQLException
Sets the designated parameter to a Java boolean value. The driver converts this to an SQL BIT value when it sends it to the database.
Parameters:
parameterIndex - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - the parameter value
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setByte

public void setByte(int parameterIndex,
                    byte x)
             throws SQLException
Sets the designated parameter to a Java byte value. The driver converts this to an SQL TINYINT value when it sends it to the database.
Parameters:
parameterIndex - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - the parameter value
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setShort

public void setShort(int parameterIndex,
                     short x)
              throws SQLException
Sets the designated parameter to a Java short value. The driver converts this to an SQL SMALLINT value when it sends it to the database.
Parameters:
parameterIndex - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - the parameter value
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setInt

public void setInt(int parameterIndex,
                   int x)
            throws SQLException
Sets the designated parameter to a Java int value. The driver converts this to an SQL INTEGER value when it sends it to the database.
Parameters:
parameterIndex - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - the parameter value
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setLong

public void setLong(int parameterIndex,
                    long x)
             throws SQLException
Sets the designated parameter to a Java long value. The driver converts this to an SQL BIGINT value when it sends it to the database.
Parameters:
parameterIndex - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - the parameter value
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setFloat

public void setFloat(int parameterIndex,
                     float x)
              throws SQLException
Sets the designated parameter to a Java float value. The driver converts this to an SQL FLOAT value when it sends it to the database.
Parameters:
parameterIndex - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - the parameter value
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setDouble

public void setDouble(int parameterIndex,
                      double x)
               throws SQLException
Sets the designated parameter to a Java double value. The driver converts this to an SQL DOUBLE value when it sends it to the database.
Parameters:
parameterIndex - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - the parameter value
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setBigDecimal

public void setBigDecimal(int parameterIndex,
                          BigDecimal x)
                   throws SQLException
Sets the designated parameter to a java.lang.BigDecimal value. The driver converts this to an SQL NUMERIC value when it sends it to the database.
Parameters:
parameterIndex - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - the parameter value
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setString

public void setString(int parameterIndex,
                      String x)
               throws SQLException
Sets the designated parameter to a Java String value. The driver converts this to an SQL VARCHAR or LONGVARCHAR value (depending on the argument's size relative to the driver's limits on VARCHARs) when it sends it to the database.
Parameters:
parameterIndex - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - the parameter value
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setBytes

public void setBytes(int parameterIndex,
                     byte[] x)
              throws SQLException
Sets the designated parameter to a Java array of bytes. The driver converts this to an SQL VARBINARY or LONGVARBINARY (depending on the argument's size relative to the driver's limits on VARBINARYs) when it sends it to the database.
Parameters:
parameterIndex - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - the parameter value
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setDate

public void setDate(int parameterIndex,
                    Date x)
             throws SQLException
Sets the designated parameter to a java.sql.Date value. The driver converts this to an SQL DATE value when it sends it to the database.
Parameters:
parameterIndex - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - the parameter value
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setTime

public void setTime(int parameterIndex,
                    Time x)
             throws SQLException
Sets the designated parameter to a java.sql.Time value. The driver converts this to an SQL TIME value when it sends it to the database.
Parameters:
parameterIndex - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - the parameter value
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setTimestamp

public void setTimestamp(int parameterIndex,
                         Timestamp x)
                  throws SQLException
Sets the designated parameter to a java.sql.Timestamp value. The driver converts this to an SQL TIMESTAMP value when it sends it to the database.
Parameters:
parameterIndex - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - the parameter value
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setAsciiStream

public void setAsciiStream(int parameterIndex,
                           InputStream x,
                           int length)
                    throws SQLException
Sets the designated parameter to the given input stream, which will have the specified number of bytes. When a very large ASCII value is input to a LONGVARCHAR parameter, it may be more practical to send it via a java.io.InputStream. JDBC will read the data from the stream as needed, until it reaches end-of-file. The JDBC driver will do any necessary conversion from ASCII to the database char format.

Note: This stream object can either be a standard Java stream object or your own subclass that implements the standard interface.

Parameters:
parameterIndex - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - the Java input stream that contains the ASCII parameter value
length - the number of bytes in the stream
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setUnicodeStream

public void setUnicodeStream(int parameterIndex,
                             InputStream x,
                             int length)
                      throws SQLException
Deprecated.  

Sets the designated parameter to the given input stream, which will have the specified number of bytes. When a very large UNICODE value is input to a LONGVARCHAR parameter, it may be more practical to send it via a java.io.InputStream. JDBC will read the data from the stream as needed, until it reaches end-of-file. The JDBC driver will do any necessary conversion from UNICODE to the database char format. The byte format of the Unicode stream must be Java UTF-8, as defined in the Java Virtual Machine Specification.

Note: This stream object can either be a standard Java stream object or your own subclass that implements the standard interface.

Parameters:
parameterIndex - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - the java input stream which contains the UNICODE parameter value
length - the number of bytes in the stream
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setBinaryStream

public void setBinaryStream(int parameterIndex,
                            InputStream x,
                            int length)
                     throws SQLException
Sets the designated parameter to the given input stream, which will have the specified number of bytes. When a very large binary value is input to a LONGVARBINARY parameter, it may be more practical to send it via a java.io.InputStream. JDBC will read the data from the stream as needed, until it reaches end-of-file.

Note: This stream object can either be a standard Java stream object or your own subclass that implements the standard interface.

Parameters:
parameterIndex - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - the java input stream which contains the binary parameter value
length - the number of bytes in the stream
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

clearParameters

public void clearParameters()
                     throws SQLException
Clears the current parameter values immediately.

In general, parameter values remain in force for repeated use of a Statement. Setting a parameter value automatically clears its previous value. However, in some cases it is useful to immediately release the resources used by the current parameter values; this can be done by calling clearParameters.

Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setObject

public void setObject(int parameterIndex,
                      Object x,
                      int targetSqlType,
                      int scale)
               throws SQLException

Sets the value of a parameter using an object. The second argument must be an object type; for integral values, the java.lang equivalent objects should be used.

The given Java object will be converted to the targetSqlType before being sent to the database. If the object has a custom mapping (is of a class implementing SQLData), the JDBC driver should call its method writeSQL to write it to the SQL data stream. If, on the other hand, the object is of a class implementing Ref, Blob, Clob, Struct, or Array, the driver should pass it to the database as a value of the corresponding SQL type.

Note that this method may be used to pass datatabase- specific abstract data types.

Parameters:
parameterIndex - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - the object containing the input parameter value
targetSqlType - the SQL type (as defined in java.sql.Types) to be sent to the database. The scale argument may further qualify this type.
scale - for java.sql.Types.DECIMAL or java.sql.Types.NUMERIC types, this is the number of digits after the decimal point. For all other types, this value will be ignored.
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs
See Also:
Types

setObject

public void setObject(int parameterIndex,
                      Object x,
                      int targetSqlType)
               throws SQLException
Sets the value of the designated parameter with the given object. This method is like setObject above, except that it assumes a scale of zero.
Parameters:
parameterIndex - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - the object containing the input parameter value
targetSqlType - the SQL type (as defined in java.sql.Types) to be sent to the database
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setObject

public void setObject(int parameterIndex,
                      Object x)
               throws SQLException

Sets the value of a parameter using an object; use the java.lang equivalent objects for integral values.

The JDBC specification specifies a standard mapping from Java Object types to SQL types. The given argument java object will be converted to the corresponding SQL type before being sent to the database.

Note that this method may be used to pass datatabase- specific abstract data types, by using a Driver-specific Java type. If the object is of a class implementing SQLData, the JDBC driver should call its method writeSQL to write it to the SQL data stream. If, on the other hand, the object is of a class implementing Ref, Blob, Clob, Struct, or Array, then the driver should pass it to the database as a value of the corresponding SQL type. This method throws an exception if there is an ambiguity, for example, if the object is of a class implementing more than one of those interfaces.

Parameters:
parameterIndex - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - the object containing the input parameter value
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

execute

public boolean execute()
                throws SQLException
Executes any kind of SQL statement. Some prepared statements return multiple results; the execute method handles these complex statements as well as the simpler form of statements handled by executeQuery and executeUpdate.
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs
See Also:
Statement.execute(java.lang.String)

addBatch

public void addBatch()
              throws SQLException
JDBC 2.0 Adds a set of parameters to the batch.
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs
See Also:
Statement.addBatch(java.lang.String)

setCharacterStream

public void setCharacterStream(int parameterIndex,
                               Reader reader,
                               int length)
                        throws SQLException
JDBC 2.0 Sets the designated parameter to the given Reader object, which is the given number of characters long. When a very large UNICODE value is input to a LONGVARCHAR parameter, it may be more practical to send it via a java.io.Reader. JDBC will read the data from the stream as needed, until it reaches end-of-file. The JDBC driver will do any necessary conversion from UNICODE to the database char format.

Note: This stream object can either be a standard Java stream object or your own subclass that implements the standard interface.

Parameters:
parameterIndex - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - the java reader which contains the UNICODE data
length - the number of characters in the stream
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setRef

public void setRef(int i,
                   Ref x)
            throws SQLException
JDBC 2.0 Sets a REF(<structured-type>) parameter.
Parameters:
i - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - an object representing data of an SQL REF Type
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setBlob

public void setBlob(int i,
                    Blob x)
             throws SQLException
JDBC 2.0 Sets a BLOB parameter.
Parameters:
i - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - an object representing a BLOB
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setClob

public void setClob(int i,
                    Clob x)
             throws SQLException
JDBC 2.0 Sets a CLOB parameter.
Parameters:
i - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - an object representing a CLOB
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setArray

public void setArray(int i,
                     Array x)
              throws SQLException
JDBC 2.0 Sets an Array parameter.
Parameters:
i - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - an object representing an SQL array
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

getMetaData

public ResultSetMetaData getMetaData()
                              throws SQLException
JDBC 2.0 Gets the number, types and properties of a ResultSet's columns.
Returns:
the description of a ResultSet's columns
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setDate

public void setDate(int parameterIndex,
                    Date x,
                    Calendar cal)
             throws SQLException
JDBC 2.0 Sets the designated parameter to a java.sql.Date value, using the given Calendar object. The driver uses the Calendar object to construct an SQL DATE, which the driver then sends to the database. With a a Calendar object, the driver can calculate the date taking into account a custom timezone and locale. If no Calendar object is specified, the driver uses the default timezone and locale.
Parameters:
parameterIndex - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - the parameter value
cal - the Calendar object the driver will use to construct the date
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setTime

public void setTime(int parameterIndex,
                    Time x,
                    Calendar cal)
             throws SQLException
JDBC 2.0 Sets the designated parameter to a java.sql.Time value, using the given Calendar object. The driver uses the Calendar object to construct an SQL TIME, which the driver then sends to the database. With a a Calendar object, the driver can calculate the time taking into account a custom timezone and locale. If no Calendar object is specified, the driver uses the default timezone and locale.
Parameters:
parameterIndex - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - the parameter value
cal - the Calendar object the driver will use to construct the time
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setTimestamp

public void setTimestamp(int parameterIndex,
                         Timestamp x,
                         Calendar cal)
                  throws SQLException
JDBC 2.0 Sets the designated parameter to a java.sql.Timestamp value, using the given Calendar object. The driver uses the Calendar object to construct an SQL TIMESTAMP, which the driver then sends to the database. With a a Calendar object, the driver can calculate the timestamp taking into account a custom timezone and locale. If no Calendar object is specified, the driver uses the default timezone and locale.
Parameters:
parameterIndex - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
x - the parameter value
cal - the Calendar object the driver will use to construct the timestamp
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

setNull

public void setNull(int paramIndex,
                    int sqlType,
                    String typeName)
             throws SQLException
JDBC 2.0 Sets the designated parameter to SQL NULL. This version of setNull should be used for user-named types and REF type parameters. Examples of user-named types include: STRUCT, DISTINCT, JAVA_OBJECT, and named array types.

Note: To be portable, applications must give the SQL type code and the fully-qualified SQL type name when specifying a NULL user-defined or REF parameter. In the case of a user-named type the name is the type name of the parameter itself. For a REF parameter the name is the type name of the referenced type. If a JDBC driver does not need the type code or type name information, it may ignore it. Although it is intended for user-named and Ref parameters, this method may be used to set a null parameter of any JDBC type. If the parameter does not have a user-named or REF type, the given typeName is ignored.

Parameters:
parameterIndex - the first parameter is 1, the second is 2, ...
sqlType - a value from java.sql.Types
typeName - the fully-qualified name of an SQL user-named type, ignored if the parameter is not a user-named type or REF
Throws:
SQLException - if a database access error occurs

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